Japan, struggling against two decades of stagnation and deflation, had to resort to Abenomics to avoid a quintuple-dip recession. In the United Kingdom, the debate since last summer has focused on the prospect of a triple-dip recession. Most of the eurozone remains mired in a severe recession – now spreading from the periphery to parts of the core. Even in the United States, economic performance has remained mediocre, with growth hovering around 1.5% for the last few quarters.
And now the darlings of the world economy, emerging markets, have proved unable to reverse their own slowdowns. According to the IMF, China’s annual GDP growth has slowed to 8%, from 10% in 2010; over the same period, India’s growth rate slowed from 11.2% to 5.7%. Russia, Brazil, and South Africa are growing at around 3%, and other emerging markets are slowing as well.
This
gap between Wall Street and Main Street (rising asset prices, despite
worse-than-expected economic performance) can be explained by three
factors. First, the tail risks (low-probability, high-impact events) in
the global economy – a eurozone breakup, the US going over its fiscal
cliff, a hard economic landing for China, a war between Israel and Iran
over nuclear proliferation – are lower now than they were a year ago.
